Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ursus americanus (Pallas, 1780) Black Bear Figure 2H Material examined. MEXICO – Chihuahua • 1 Municipality of Namiquipa, Potrero Lajas, 28°46′34″N, 107° 27′34″W; elevation 2,180 m a.s.l.; 16 Jan. 2018; obs. F. Álvarez-Córdova. Identification. This is the only extant species of Ursus Linnaeus, 1758 in Mexico. It is a medium-sized bear with long, coarse, black or brown fur (Larivière 2001). Distribution. Canada, USA, and Mexico through the pine, pine-oak forests of the Sierra Madre Occidental and Sierra Madre Oriental (Larivière 2001). Recorded habitats in Chihuahua are sierras and valleys. Remarks. This species is now extirpated from most of northern Mexico. It only survives in small patches of forests in the Sierra Madre Occidental and Sierra Madre Oriental in central and northern Mexico (Scheick and McCown 2014). The record presented here is based on a single scat.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.019 | 0.011 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".