INFORMATION ABOUT KHIVA MADRASAS IS IN RUSSIAN SOURCES
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article analyzes the valuable information given on the cultural life of the Khiva Khanate, especially madrasas, in the memoirs of soldiers, diplomatic mission representatives, tourists, and merchants who visited the Khiva Khanate in the 19th century and wrote down their impressions. According to the information given by the Russian ambassadors, in the first quarter of the 19th century, there was a certain growth in the spheres of cultural life in Khiva. In particular, educational activities have developed, the number of madrasahs has increased, and the level of education has increased. According to the sources, the Khans of Khiva paid special attention to the development of science in the country. In Central Asia, madrasahs or educational institutions reflected the wealth and religious education of the country. A lot of money has been allocated for them.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.166 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".