Bibliographic record
Abstract
67. Prairie Shrew Sorex haydeni French: Musaraigne des steppes / German: Prariespitzmaus / Spanish: Musarana de pradera Other common names: Hayden's Shrew Taxonomy. Sorex hayden: Baird, 1858, “ Fort Union, Nebraska [later Fort Buford, now Mondak, Montana, near Buford, Williams Co., North Dakota],” USA. Sorex haydeni is in the S. cinereus group and subgenus Otisorex. It is closest to the southwestern population of S. cinereus (which might represent S. haydeni), together sister to the Beringian clade. Specific status of S. haydeni has recently been questioned because there is evidence of introgression between it and S. cinereus in Minnesota, but genetic data support it as a distinct species. Monotypic. Distribution. SC Canada (C & S Saskatchewan and S Manitoba) and NC USA (from NE Montana, North Dakota, and NW Minnesota S to N Kansas, N Missouri, and W Mlinois). Descriptive notes. Head—body 47-67 mm,tail 30-41 mm, hindfoot 10-12 mm; weight 2-5 g. The Prairie Shrew is small to medium in size, with brown dorsum,slightly paler sides, and whitish venter that is occasionally washed with yellow. Feet are pale. Tail is relatively short, narrow, and clearly bicolored, being brown above and whiter below; tail is tipped with brown hair tuft unlike in the Masked Shrew (S. cinereus) that has black tuft. Teeth are dark red. There are five unicuspids, fifth is minute, and first through fourth get slightly smaller from front to back. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 64 and FN = 66. Habitat. Most commonly wet prairies and grasslands. The Prairie Shrew has been recorded occasionally in dry conifer forests but generally does not leave open grassland habitats. Food and Feeding. Prairie Shrews primarily eat small soft-bodied invertebrates. Breeding. Litters of Prairie Shrews apparently have 4-10 young. Activity patterns. Prairie Shrews are probably active day and night, with more activity at night. They apparently make bulbous birdlike nests under logs and rocks. Movements, Home range and Social organization. The Prairie Shrew is probably most similar to the Masked Shrew, but few specific studies have been conducted. Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. There are no major threats to the wide-ranging Prairie Shrew, but additional research is needed. Fossils have been recorded from Moonshiner and Middle Butte caves in Idaho. Bibliography. Banfield (1974), Bee et al. (1981), Brunet et al. (2002), Demboski & Cook (2003), Frey & Moore (1990), Hope et al. (2012), Junge & Hoffmann (1981), Mullican & Carraway (1990), Stewart et al. (1993), Volobouev & van Zyll de Jong (1994).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.016 | 0.007 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".