Noble metals, major and minor elements in modern and pre-historic lavas of Tolbachik volcano
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Full element (major elements, minor elements, platinum-group elements and gold) analysis of high- and low-Mg lavas from several eruptions of Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Eruptions include 2012-13, 1975-76, 1941 and several recent prehistoric (more than 1400 years old) eruptions. Major elements were measured by XRF, minor elements by ICP-MS and platinum-group elements and gold were measured using Ni-sulfide fire assay and ICP-MS. All analyses were undertaken at Geoscience Laboratories (Geo Labs) Ontario Geological Survey in 2019. These data were originally published as a supplement to Kutyrev et al. (2021), Noble Metals in Arc Basaltic Magmas Worldwide: A Case Study of Modern and Pre-Historic Lavas of the Tolbachik Volcano, Kamchatka, In Frontiers in Earth Science (9), https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.791465. This work was funded by the Russian Science Foundation (Grant #21-17-00122).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.015 | 0.008 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".