Trend 1991 - 2050. United States Census Bureau. Components of Population Change - International: Total Population | Country: Canada | Age Group: All Ages, 1991-2050. Data-Planet™ Statistical Ready Reference by Conquest Systems, Inc. Dataset-ID: 001-036-001.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
United States Census Bureau (2016). Components of Population Change - International: Total Population | Country: Canada | Age Group: All Ages, 1991-2050. Data-Planet™ Statistical Ready Reference by Conquest Systems, Inc. [Data-file]. Dataset-ID: 001-036-001. Dataset: Presents population estimates and projections in total and by 5-year age groups by nation. This dataset, part of the United States Census Bureau’s International Database, shows population size and projections, components of change, and rates of growth and natural increase, for over 200 countries and world regions with a population of over 5,000 and that are recognized by the US State Department. The demographic components of population change presented include births, deaths, and net migration. Data are reported from 1950 and projected to 2050. Census Bureau demographers analyze data from censuses, surveys, vital statistics, and administrative records provided by national statistics offices, as well as data on international migration and refugee movements. The process involves data collection, evaluation, and analysis to develop a set of consistent estimates and projections of population, fertility, mortality, and international migration. The projections are generated using the Census Bureau's Rural/Urban Projection(RUP) software program, which projects population, by single years of age, for each calendar year beyond a base year. This approach means the Census Bureau fertility and mortality estimates pertain to specific years and thus year-specific estimates of fertility, mortality, and migration reflect the impact of natural disasters, civil conflicts, and changes in the health climate in a countryThe use of the RUP progam applies to all nations except the United States. US population projections and estimates are developed using US decennial census counts and vital statistics and other data on international migration. The base population for each nation is derived from census, administrative, and/or vital registration data. Where reliable official records are available, a stable population is generated. The United States Census Bureau applies a variety of demographic statistical approaches to detect and correct for the errors typical of census enumerations. Details on these methods are available in the technical documentation: US Census Bureau, “International Database Projections and Estimates Methodology,” issued June 2010. Accessed December 21, 2011, http://www.census.gov/population/international/data/idb/estandproj.pdf . Category: Population and Income, International Relations and Trade Source: United States Census Bureau The US Census Bureau is a bureau of the US Department of Commerce. The major functions of the Census Bureau are authorized by Article 2, Section 2 of the United States Constitution, which provides that a census of population shall be taken every 10 years, and by Title 13 and Title 26 of the United States Code of Federal Regulations. The Census Bureau is responsible for numerous statistical programs, including census and surveys of households, governments, manufacturing and industries, and for US foreign trade statistics. The first US census was conducted in 1790 for the purposes of apportioning state representation in the US House of Representatives and for the apportionment of taxes. http://www.census.gov Subject: Population Change, Population Growth, Population Size
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.011 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.005 | 0.022 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.064 | 0.046 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".