Identification of Polyphenolic Components in Unripe Banana Pulp and Their Inhibitory Effects on α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The composition of phenolics extracted from unripe banana flesh was identified using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with Q-Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS), and the inhibitory effects of banana polyphenols on α-amylase and α-glucosidase were estimated in vitro. In total, 28 compounds were identified, including 21 polyphenols such as esculetin, hyperoside, and kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, 2 organic acids, 3 ellagitannin metabolites, vanillin and coumarin. In addition, dimethyl ellagic acid and urolithin A were the major chromatographic peaks. Banana polyphenols exhibited excellent inhibitory effects on both α-amylase and α-glucosidase with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.53 mg/mL and 35.76 µg/mL, respectively. At concentrations of 1.0 mg/mL and 160 µg/mL, the inhibition rates of α-amylase activity and α-glucosidase were (76.25 ± 3.79)% and (92.54 ± 0.69)%, respectively. Therefore, polyphenols may be one of the active ingredients contributing to the anti-hypoglycemic effect of unripe bananas.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".