Bibliographic record
Abstract
New Hα emission-line observations of the Virgo cluster galaxy NGC 4438 are presented.Fabry-Perot interferometry data at an effective angular resolution of ∼2 are used to map the kinematics of the ionized gas in the galaxy.For the first time we obtain a velocity field covering a large area in NGC 4438, much larger than that deduced from previous H and CO maps.The kinematics of the extended, low surface brightness Hα filaments to the West of the galactic disk is discussed.We report on the discovery of a northern Hα structure which is clumpier than the other filaments.Evidence for multiple spectral components through the data-cube are presented in a nuclear shell and in the approaching half of the disk.The role of VCC 1040, a dwarf elliptical galaxy located to the South of NGC 4438, is presented to investigate the origin of a small-scale stellar tail of NGC 4438.It could be due to a minor tidal interaction between the two galaxies.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.038 | 0.010 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".