Bibliographic record
Abstract
\n Aims.The identification of the object OA 184 as a Galactic Supernova Remnant (SNR) \nis re-examined, and evidence to the contrary is presented. The aim is to show \ndefinitively that OA 184 is actually a Galactic H <sc>II</sc> region, and to \nestimate some physical parameters for the nebula (e.g. temperature, density, \nand magnetic field in the ionized shell).\n Methods.To determine the broad spectral properties of OA 184 a multiwavelength \napproach is used, with historical and new radio data, and existing X-ray and \nIR data on OA 184 considered. Radio continuum 408 and 1420 MHz Canadian Galactic \nPlane Survey (CGPS) data, Effelsberg 2695 MHz data, and new Urumqi 5 GHz radio \nobservations in Stokes I, Q, and U are presented. As well, we present CGPS \nH <sc>I</sc> line data, and eight radio recombination lines (RRL, \nH103-110α) observed for this study with the Green Bank Telescope.\n\n Results.An integrated radio spectrum of index $\\alpha=-$0.14 to -0.2 ($S(\\textrm{Jy})\n\\propto \\nu^{\\alpha}$) is determined from four radio frequencies. RRL emission\nappears at $v_{\\rm LSR}=-25.8$ km s-1 and at the intensity predicted for \nfree-free thermal emission. Q and U maps at $\\lambda~$6 cm show OA 184 as a \ndepolarizing source, affecting a background filament of polarized non-thermal \nGalactic emission. An H <sc>II</sc> shell of thickness less than 0.2° is \nindicated by this depolarization. CGPS ~1-arcminute resolution H <sc>I</sc> \nline maps are presented, and the systemic velocity of the ISM immediately \nsurrounding OA 184 is -26.8 km s-1. The distance of OA 184 is $2.2\\pm0.4$ kpc, obtained from a new \ndistance method based on a Galactic H <sc>I</sc> modelling procedure. A simple \nmodel as a shell of ionized hydrogen 4 pc thick is considered, and the RRL \nobservations are used to estimate (under conditions of non-thermodynamic \nequilibrium) the electron temperature $T_{\\rm e}=8300$ K and density $n_{\\rm e}=5.3$ cm-3. The line of sight magnetic field in the ionized shell is found to \nbe $\\langle B_{\\parallel}\\rangle\\simeq-2.5~\\mu$G (directed away from the Sun). \n\n Conclusions.We conclude that OA 184 is a Galactic H <sc>II</sc> region energized by the \nlone O7.5V star BD+41°1144.\n
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".