The impact of erosion on the classification of Mollisols in Iowa
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Fenton, T. E. 2012. The impact of erosion on the classification of Mollisols in Iowa. Can. J. Soil Sci. 92: 413-418. The fertile black soils in the Great Plains and Western States of the United States are dark brown Chernozems in the Canadian system of soil taxonomy and Mollisols, when a mollic epipedon is present, according to the United States soil taxonomy. Other primary criteria are organic carbon content, color, structure, and thickness of the mollic epipedon. Accelerated erosion can affect all of these properties and is especially critical for soils that have slope gradients of more than 2%. Accelerated erosion and erosion phases are recognized in field mapping based on the amount of A horizon remaining but criteria provided in the Soil Taxonomy guidelines conflict with procedures outlined in the Soil Survey Field Manual and result in a dichotomy between the classification system and field mapping practices. Soil map unit data for the five most extensive Mollisol soil series in Iowa that have multiple phases of slope and erosion were summarized and variations between the taxonomic and survey principles were identified. Eroded units comprise 26 to 77% of the total mapped area of the series studied and do not qualify as Mollisols under the taxonomic system. However, under the principle of following the genetic thread to classify soils, the taxonomic system should be modified to accommodate the eroded units that have the same genetic pathway as their uneroded counterparts. This could be accomplished by placing primary emphasis on the organic carbon content and waiving the color requirement for eroded soil map units.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".