Bibliographic record
Abstract
Net neutrality (NN) is the principle under which electronic communications should be treated equally, regardless to content, type, origin, destination. In the last decade, the debate over this principle has significantly grown. This paper aims to provide an extensive overview on net neutrality, following both a theorical and comparative approach. A first part assesses the main issues related to NN, with reference in particular to economic arguments and fundamental rights. A second part tries to report and compare different cases of NN implementations: a) in the United States, in regard to the 2015 Open Internet Order; b) in Europe, in the light of Regulation 2015/2120, before the forthcoming release of BEREC guidelines; c) within European member States; d) in other Countries, such as Canada, Chile, Mexico, Ecuador, India, Singapore. Finally, the last Chapter gives a more detailed analysis of net neutrality in the Italian context.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.016 | 0.024 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.010 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.017 | 0.013 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.007 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.026 | 0.010 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".