Teenage Pregnancy and Adverse Birth Outcomes in Canada: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In Canada, teenage pregnancy rates are calculated as the sum of recorded live births, induced abortions, and miscarriages per 1000 population of women aged 15 to 19 years (Wong et al., 2019). Research suggests that young maternal age is associated with increased risks of adverse neonatal outcomes (Olausson et al., 2001) and that the association between teenage pregnancies and adverse birth outcomes can be explained by several factors, including biological immaturity of the mother, as well as poor socio-demographic factors (Chen et al., 2007, Amjad et al., 2018). The present systematic review and meta-analysis will evaluate the relationship between teenage pregnancies and the risk for low birth weight (LBW), preterm birth (PTB) and stillbirth in Canadian adolescent women. We are interested in examining this association given the limited Canadian data examining this relationship, and the possibility that Canada’s universal health care system, coupled with differences in the level of social inequality, may attenuate the association typically found in other literature.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.007 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.008 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".