Comparison of the atmospheric forcing and oceanographic responses between the Labrador Sea and the Norwegian and Barents seas
Bibliographic record
Abstract
No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. A comparison of the mean conditions and variability in the climate and physical oceanographic characteristics between the Labrador Sea and surrounding shelves and the Norwegian and Barents seas is presented. Several climate and oceanographic variables, including air temperatures, eastward winds, heat fluxes, and the range of seasonal sea surface temperature range show a general latitudinal dependence within each of the two regions but with regional varying rates of change with latitude. The previously reported out-of-phase relationships on interannual to decadal time scales of air and sea temperatures and sea-ice conditions between the Labrador Sea and the Norwegian and Barents seas regions from the 1950s until the mid-1990s was found. This is owing to their opposite response to the variability in the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). However, from the mid-1990s, air and sea temperatures in both regions generally have been in phase, showing strong warming and reduced ice coverage. The cause of this change is related to changes in the spatial structure of the atmospheric pressure patterns, resulting in a general reduction in the importance of NAO forcing over the North Atlantic.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".