Human virome in health and respiratory disease: A scoping review
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The human virome comprises viruses that infect cells in the body, which include eukaryotic viruses and prokaryotic viruses (bacteriophages), and it is influenced by individual variation, diet, and disease status. Human virome can cause acute, persistent, or latent infection, whereas in other cases, the viruses coexist with the host as symbionts. In the past, bacteria genomes have received more attention than other microorganisms, while many viral genome studies have not been fully developed. Additionally, in virome studies, most have focused on the gut virome and have not fully investigated the role of virome in other body sites of human disease, such as the respiratory tract, particularly in childhood respiratory diseases. The lungs are the second largest barrier site and are affected by various diseases, of which the microbiome is a key factor. Defining the respiratory virome can be significantly challenging due to several factors, including difficulties in acquiring samples from the lower airways, variations in the respiratory virome across different regions of the lung, and the lack of appropriate approaches to identify viruses. In addition, there are few studies on the similarities and differences between adult and pediatric viromes. The primary objective of this scoping review was to comprehensively map the evidence and uncover research gaps for human virome in health and respiratory disease. We further focused on the composition and differences of respiratory viromes between adults and children, the role of virome in the development of respiratory diseases, and how commensal viruses shape and influence the immune system. Furthermore, we will review how studies of the human virome differ before and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.009 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".