Analysis of expenditure patterns and levels of household indebtedness of public and private rental households, 1975 to 1999: final report
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This report is the final one from the AHURI project analysing and comparing housing expenditure patterns and levels of indebtedness of public and private rental households over the period 1975- 76 to 1998-99. The study is based on ABS Confidentialised Unit Record Files of household expenditure for four time periods: 1975-76, 1988-89, 1993-94 and 1998-99. The Household Expenditure Survey (HES) has also been conducted for 1983-84, but this period was not used as the rental housing data could not be made comparable. The HES is a survey of nearly 7,000 to 10,000 households (the sample size depends on the year) who are required to keep a written diary (supplemented by interviews) of the cost of acquiring goods and services over a two week period. The consumption information collected is extremely detailed but can be aggregated into broader expenditure categories such as housing, education, health and financial insurance, and clothing and footwear. In addition to the time series analysis, the 1998-99 survey included questions on financial stress. The data is highly useful for a range of applications including policy evaluation, analysis of market trends and consumer behaviour, and problem identification.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".