Lasioglossum (Dialictus) kunzei

Lasioglossum (Dialictus) kunzei (Cockerell, 1898) Figs 49–50, 51 (left), 95A, 109A Halictus Kunzei Cockerell, 1898a: 238 (holotype, ♀, depository unknown). Halictus (Chloralictus) kunzei – Sandhouse 1924: 4 (key). Lasioglossum (Chloralictus) kunzei – Michener 1951: 1114 (catalog). Dialictus kunzei – Hurd 1979: 1967 (catalog). — Moure & Hurd 1987: 109 (catalog). Diagnosis Females of Lasioglossum kunzei are easily recognized by the head and mesosoma shiny and very finely, sparsely punctate (i=1–6 pd), metapostnotum smooth and shiny, pronotal ridge strongly carinate, and head often large with mandibles elongate and gena with a ventral tubercle. They resemble many socially parasitic L. (Dialictus) in these characters, but the well-developed scopa on the hind legs readily identifies L. kunzei as a pollen-collecting species. They are extremely similar to Lasioglossum semibrunneum (Cockerell, 1895) and may be indistinguishable in some cases. Lasioglossum kunzei has a red, nonmetallic metasoma (black with metallic green reflections in L. semibrunneum), and the postgena tends to be duller and more extensively lineate (shiny with no microsculpture in L. semibrunneum). Males of L. kunzei can be recognized by the same characters as for females, except the characters of the head. The head of male L. kunzei is unremarkable except that the compound eyes are only weakly convergent below.They are most similar to L. semibrunneum and may be indistinguishable in some cases. Males of L. kunzei have the discs of the metasomal terga black to brown without metallic reflections, and the rest of the metasoma orange (all brown to black with metallic green reflections in L. semibrunneum). Etymology Cockerell (1898a) dedicated this species to R.E. Kunzé, who collected the type specimen. Material examined MEXICO – Baja California • 1 ♀; Mexicali; [32.62° N, 115.45° W]; 4 Oct. 1941; ex Sinapis alba; USNM. UNITED STATES – Arizona • 11 ♀♀; Pinal Co., 11 mi. SW of Eloy; [32.64° N, 111.69° W]; 3 Apr. 1954; T.R. Haig leg.; UCDC • 3 ♀♀; same location as for preceding; 3 Apr. 1934; T.R. Haig leg.; UCDC • 1 ♀; 10 mi. NW of Tucson; [32.33° N, 111.07° W]; 23 Jun. 1961; M. Wargo leg.; UAIC • 1 ♀; Gillespie Dam, 5 mi. S of Arlington; [33.25° N, 112.76° W]; 21 Feb. 1961; J.C. Bequaert leg.; ex Lycium fremontii; UAIC • 1 ♀; Komatke; [33.29° N, 112.18° W]; 5 Apr. 1956; F. Werner and G. Butler leg.; ex Medicago sativa; BBSL • 1 ♀; Phoenix; [33.45° N, 112.07° W]; 10 Oct.; Cockerell leg.; ex pink oleander; USNM • 1 ♀; Tucson; [32.22° N, 110.97° W]; 17 Jun. 1957; G.D. Butler leg.; ex Zea mays; UAIC • 3 ♀♀; Wellton; [32.67° N, 114.15° W]; 4 Apr. 1956; F. Werner and G. Butler leg.; ex Medicago sativa; UAIC • 3 ♀♀; same location as for preceding; 4 Apr. 1956; F. Werner and G. Butler leg.; ex yellow composite; UAIC • 8 ♀♀; USNM. – California • 1 ♀; Fresno Co., 20 mi. W of Fireburgh; [36.85° N, 120.82° W]; 6 Jun. 1972; P. Torchio leg.; BBSL • 10 ♀♀; Imperial Co., 10 mi. NW of Calipatria; [33.25° N, 115.6° W]; 27 May 1956; T.R. Haig leg.; UCDC • 3 ♀♀; Imperial Co., 10 mi. W of Calipatria; [33.12° N, 115.69° W]; 27 May 1956; T.R. Haig leg.; UCDC • 1 ♂; same location as for preceding; 23 May 1956; T. R. Haig leg.; UCDC • 3 ♀♀; Imperial Co., 12 mi. E of Heber; [32.73° N, 115.32° W]; 15 May 1956; T.R. Haig leg.; UCDC • 6 ♀♀; Imperial Co., 5 mi. E of Brawley; [32.98° N, 115.44° W]; 24 May 1956; T.R. Haig leg.; UCDC • 2 ♀♀; same location as for preceding; 24 May 1956; T.R. Haig leg.; UCDC • 1 ♀; Imperial Co., 8 mi. E of Brawley; [32.98° N, 115.39° W]; 24 May 1956; T.R. Haig leg.; UCDC • 1 ♀; same location as for preceding; 26 May 1956; T.R. Haig leg.; UCDC • 1 ♀; Imperial Co., Coachella Canal Road 11.6 km NW of CA Hwy 78, then 1.0 km NE; 33.063° N, 115.25° W; 30 May–3 Jun. 2008; UCDC • 1 ♀; Imperial Co., Grays Well Road 3.0 km W of Buttercup Ranger Station; 32.72303° N, 114.90918° W; 18–22 Sep. 2008; UCDC • 1 ♀; Imperial Co., Niland; [33.24° N, 115.52° W]; 18 Mar. 1956; T.R. Haig leg.; UCDC • 1 ♀; same location as for preceding; 22 May 1956; T.R. Haig leg.; UCDC • 1 ♀; Imperial Co., Palo Verde; [33.43° N, 114.73° W]; 1 Apr. 1968; R.O. Schuster leg.; UCDC • 2 ♀♀; same location as for preceding; 11 Oct. 1972; C. Goodpasture leg.; UCDC • 1 ♀; same location as for preceding; 10 Oct. 1971; C. Goodpasture leg.; UCDC • 1 ♀; same location as for preceding; 21 Mar. 1967; R.M. Bohart leg.; UCDC • 1 ♀; Imperial Co., Roadrunner Campground, Gecko Road 9.8 km SE of CA Hwy 78; 32.9079° N, 115.11664° W; 31 May–3 Jun. 2008; UCDC • 1 ♀; same location as for preceding; 31 May–3 Jun. 2008; UCDC • 1 ♀; Imperial Co., Wash Road 11.3 km SE of CA Hwy 78, then 1.0 km SW; 32.92347° N, 114.99039° W; 9–18 Oct. 2014; UCDC • 1 ♀; Inyo Co., Brawley; [32.98° N, 115.53° W]; ex Gossypium; BBSL • 1 ♀, 19 ♂♂; Inyo Co., China Ranch, 5 mi. SE of Tecopa; 35.79994° N, 116.19547° W; 8 Nov. 2016; Paul A. Rude leg.; EMEC • 13 ♀♀, 4 ♂♂; Riverside Co., 6.5 mi. S of Ripley; [33.43° N, 114.66° W]; 18 Oct. 1959; J.W. MacSwain leg.; ex Sesuvium; EMEC • 1 ♂; Riverside Co., E Salton Sea, Hwy 111, 28 km NW of Calipatria; [33.34° N, 115.64° W]; 17 Jul. 2010; R.E. Wrigley leg.; WRME • 1 ♀; Riverside Co., Indio; [33.72° N, 116.22° W]; 11 Mar. 1957; E.I. Schlinger leg.; UCDC • 1 ♀; San Bernardino Co., 9 air mi. S of Baker, Zzyzx Springs; [35.14° N, 116.1° W]; 22 Apr. 1977; Powell leg.; ex Cleomella obtusifolia; EMEC • 1 ♀; San Bernardino Co., Salt Springs, Death Valley; [36.5° N, 116.9° W]; 24 Mar. 1959; C.L. Hogue leg.; LACM • 1 ♀; San Bernardino Co., Zzyzx Springs, 9 mi. S of Baker; [35.14° N, 116.1° W]; 18–28 Apr. 1984; P. Martin leg.; EMEC • 1 ♀; San Diego Co., Borrego Valley; [33.21° N, 116.23° W]; 11 Apr. 1969; T.R. Haig leg.; UCDC. – Nevada • 3 ♀♀; Clark Co., 0.5 mi. SW of Glendale; 36.6602° N, 114.5781° W; 464 m a.s.l.; 22 Apr. 2004; E. Ahlstrom leg.; ex Prosopis glandulosa var. torreyana; BBSL • 1 ♀; same location as for preceding; 22 Apr. 2004; S. Higbee leg.; ex Prosopis glandulosa var. torreyana; BBSL • 1 ♀; Clark Co., 1 mi. N of Warm Springs Rd., 8.5 mi. N of Glendale on HWY 168; 36.7182° N, 114.6913° W; 2 May 1997; F. Parker and V. Tepedino leg.; ex Prosopis; BBSL • 1 ♀; Carson Sink, 30 mi. NE of Fallen; [39.8° N, 118.42° W]; 24 Aug. 1969; R.M. Peterman leg.; UCDC • 1 ♀; same location as for preceding; 27 Aug. 1969; R.M. Peterman leg.; UCDC. – Utah • 1 ♀; Uintah Co., Bonanza; [40.02° N, 109.18° W]; Jul. 1977; G. Bohart leg.; BBSL • 10 ♀♀; Washington Co., Santa Clara; [37.13° N, 113.65° W]; 15 Apr. 1962; G.F. Knowlton leg.; SEMC • 30 ♀♀; Washington Co., St. George; [37.1° N, 113.57° W]; 14 Apr. 1962; G.F. Knowlton leg.; ex Tamarix; SEMC • 14 ♀♀; Washington Co., Washington; [37.13° N, 113.51° W]; 15 Apr. 1962; G.F. Knowlton leg.; ex Tamarix sp.; SEMC • 1 ♀; Myton; [40.19° N, 110.06° W]; 19 Sep. 1958; Geo. E. Bohart and Wm. P. Nye leg.; BBSL • 1 ♀; Myton, Nomia melanderi Cockerell, 1906 nesting site; [40.19° N, 110.06° W]; 18 May 1962; G.E. Bohart leg.; BBSL • 1 ♀; Saltair; [40.75° N, 112.19° W]; 21 May 1926; M.C. Van Duzee leg.; CAS • 1 ♂; Santa Clara; [37.13° N, 113.65° W]; 25 Sep. 1957; G.F. Knowlton leg.; UMSP • 1 ♂; St. George; [37.1° N, 113.57° W]; 9 Sep. 1954; G.F. Knowlton leg.; SEMC. Redescription Female COLOURATION. Head and mesosoma blue-green; clypeus apical colour reddish brown to orange; labrum reddish brown to orange; mandible orange with black basal spot and red tip; flagellum reddish brown dorsally, orange ventrally; pronotal lobe reddish brown to orange; metasoma orange to reddish brown with basal half of T1 often reddish brown and discs of T4–5 often black, sometimes weakly metallic green, and dark spiracular spots on T2–4; legs mostly dark reddish brown to mostly orange; tegula pale amber to brown; wing membrane hyaline, veins with subcosta dark brown, otherwise light brown. PUBESCENCE. Body hair colour white. Tomentum dense on pronotal collar and lobe, space between pronotal lobe and tegula, axilla, scutum anterolateral margin, metanotum, preëpisternum, metepisternum, T2–3 basolaterally, and T4 throughout; sparse on paraocular area and gena. Scutum hair thin. Wing hairs dark, short and dense. Acarinarial fan absent or sparse and incomplete with narrow gap. T2 fringes dense, T3 fringes dense. SURFACE SCULPTURE. Clypeus punctures sparse (i= 1–4 pd), sculpture shiny; supraclypeal area punctures dense marginally (i ≤ 1 pd), sparse medially (i =1–3 pd), sculpture shiny; paraocular area punctures dense dorsally (i <1 pd), becoming moderately sparse ventrally (i= 1–2 pd), sculpture shiny; frons punctures dense (i <1 pd), sculpture shiny; vertex punctures moderately dense (i=1–2 pd), sculpture shiny; gena punctures moderately dense (i=1–2 pd), often obscure, sculpture ruguloso-lineate; postgena sculpture ruguloso-lineate to tessellate; tegula punctures absent; scutum punctures sparse (i=1–6 pd), sculpture shiny;scutellum punctures dense in narrow marginal band and median line(i<1pd),otherwise impunctate, sculpture shiny; metanotum sculpture minutely, densely punctate (i ≤ 1 pd); metapostnotum rugae absent or very short, not reaching halfway to margin, sculpture tessellate; preëpisternum sculpture shiny with crowded punctures (i=0 pd); hypoepimeron punctures moderately dense to sparse (i=1–2 pd), sculpture shiny; mesepisternum punctures moderately dense to sparse (i = 1–2 pd), sculpture shiny; metepisternum sculpture ruguloso-lineate dorsally, imbricate ventrally; propodeum lateral face sculpture imbricate on anterior margin, otherwise tessellate; propodeum posterior face sculpture tessellate; T1 anterior face sculpture shiny; T1 dorsal surface punctures minute, sparse (i=1–3 pd), becoming impunctate medially and apically, sculpture shiny; T2 disc punctures dense and distinct (i ≤ 1 pd) to minute and sparse (i =1–4 pd), disc sculpture shiny, rim punctures minute and sparse (i =1–3 pd) or absent, rim sculpture shiny. STRUCTURE. Face length/width ratio 0.78 (± 0.04 SD). Clypeus projecting weakly or strong

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