Bibliographic record
Abstract
Paracapnia opis (Newman, 1839) Notes Paracapnia opis is commonly known as the Northeast Snowfly (Stark et al. 2012). This species is distributed from Quebec and Newfoundand-Labrador south to an isolated locality in West Virginia and west to Minnesota (Stark and Baumann 2004, DeWalt et al. 2024). This species appears to be more common north of New York (Stark and Baumann 2004). Delucchi and Peckarsky (1989) supposedly studied the life history of P. opis in an intermittent stream in Tompkins County and found that larvae survive the dry season by migrating to the hyporheic zone or riffles that remain wet throughout the season. However, because the only available records for New York are from Level IV Ecoregions Acid Sensitive Adirondacks (58 aa), Central Adirondacks (58 ad), and Champlain Lowlands (83 b) (Fig. 12 f), it is likely that their study pertains to the more common P. angulata. In New York, adults have been reported from late March to late May (Fig. 7) from cold streams and rivers at 214-548 m asl (Fig. 9).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.011 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".