Baetis (Rhodobaetis) heptapotamicus Brodsky 1930

Baetis (Rhodobaetis) heptapotamicus Brodsky, 1930 Baetis heptapotamicus Brodsky, 1930: Zoologische Jahrbücher, 59: 693, figs 16–18 Baetis mycetopis Brodsky, 1930 syn. nov.: Zoologische Jahrbücher, 59: 691, figs 12–15, nec Kluge, 1982: Vestnik Zoologii, 3: 17, figs 16–28 Baetis heptapotamicus Brod. apud Traver, 1939: Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 4 (11): 49 [taxonomy] Baëtis heptapotamicus Brod. apud Uéno, 1955: Fauna and flora of Nepal Himalaya: 314 [faunistics] Baetis heptapotamicus Brodskij [sic!] apud Jacob & Zimmermann, 1978: Entomologische Nachrichten, 22 (6): 81 [distribution] Baetis mycetopis Brodskij [sic!] apud Jacob & Zimmermann, 1978: Entomologische Nachrichten, 22 (6): 81 [distribution] Baetis heptapotamicus Brodsky, 1930: Novikova, 1987b: Podenki semeistva Baetidae (Ephemeroptera) fauny SSSR, 70, figs 23.1–23.10 [description of larva and adults, discussion on synonymies] (placed within subgenus Baetis); Novikova & Kluge, 1987: Vestnik Zoologii, 4: 8 [observation of studied material] (placed within subgenus Baetis); Kluge, 1995: A catalogue of the type specimens in the collection of the Zoological Institute RAS, 12 [type observation]; Godunko et al. 2004b: Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia, 47 (3–4): 243 [list of species]; Tal’skikh et al. 2007: Trudy Chatkal’skogo biosfernogo gosudarstvennogo zapovednika, 6: 125 [faunistics]; Soldán & Godunko, 2008: Annales Zoologici, 58 (1): 100 [biogeographical analysis] Baetis mycetopis Brodsky, 1930: Kluge, 1995: A catalogue of the type specimens in the collection of the Zoological Institute RAS, 13 [type observation]; Godunko et al. 2004b: Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia, 47 (3–4): 242 [list of species]; Soldán & Godunko, 2008: Annales Zoologici, 58 (1): 100 [biogeographical analysis] Baetis mycetopis apud Kustareva & Ivanova 1984: Bentos pritokov ozera Issyk-Kul’: 21 [faunistics]; Kustareva, 1988: Izvestiia Akademii nauk Kirgizskoi SSR, 4: 84 partim Distribution. Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan. Type series. Together with B. issyksuvensis, K. Brodsky (1930) described another two species belonging to the subgenus Rhodobaetis, which we synonymize herein on the basis of our study of the type series of both species and additional fresh material (for details see below). Holotype of Baetis heptapotamicus fixed by monotypy. The species was described from a single male imago: “1 3 Imago Talassgebirge. Fluß Akssu, 23./7. 1927, N. Kusnezow” [Talas Mts., Ak-Suu stream, July 23, 1927, leg. N. Kusnezow] (Brodsky 1930: 693, figs 16−18). Kluge (1995: 13) reported one male imago marked as B. heptapotamicus in the ethanol collection of ZIN RAS and marked this specimen as “ holotype ” of B. heptapotamicus. The specimen possesses the original K. Brodsky’ label: “N 118 Аксу. Верхний край каньона. У ручья, вечером 23/ VII – 1927. Н. Кузнецов” [Ak-Suu stream. Upper margin of canyon. At the stream, evening July 23, 1927, leg. N. Kuznetsov], and one label added by N. J. Kluge in 1995: “ Baetis heptapotamicus Brodsky, 1930 Holotypus ”. Two microscopic slides are also housed in the same collection: first − with genitals, forewing, fore and middle legs, labeled as: “N 118 Аксу 23.VII.1927. Н. Кузнецов Baetis heptapotamicus Brodsky, 1930 Holotypus ”; second – with hind wing: “ Holotypus Baetis heptapotamicus Brodsky, 1930 ” (both were mounted and labeled by N. J. Kluge in 1995). Description of holotype of Baetis heptapotamicus [in addition to Brodsky (1930) and Novikova (1987b)]. Due to long-term storage (initially in formaldehyde and later in ethanol) the color of the preserved male imago B. heptapotamicus has faded and differs markedly from the original color described by Brodsky (1930). Head and thorax uniformly dark brown. Shape of turbinate eyes same as stated by Brodsky (1930, figs 16a, b). Turbinate eyes moderately high, facetted surface relatively elongated, approximately 1.5 times longer than wide. Facetted surface light reddish-orange; ring around base of facetted surface not preserved; shaft lighter than facetted surface, brownish. Legs yellowish-brown; femora brown, darker than tibiae and tarsi. General relative tarsal segments length ratio: 1>2>3>4 (Fig. 7). Wings hyaline, transparent. Venations of both wings yellowish-brown. Pterostigma almost transparent, opaque with 4 distinct cross veins (see Brodsky 1930: 694, fig. 18a). Hind wings 2.5−2.6 times longer than wide, with rounded apex; costal projection well developed; three longitudinal veins, cross veins absent (right wing slightly damaged). Third vein ends at approximately half of wing length; one small intercalary vein between second and third veins (Fig. 5). Abdomen markedly pale, uniformly light brown except last two brown colored segments; specific pattern of terga, consisting of bright red spots and pair of brown dashes and dots (Brodsky 1930) are not preserved; sterna also without visible traces of dashes and dots. Cerci lost. Genitals brown (styliger including unistyligers) to light brown (segments I −III of gonostyli). Shape and propositions of individuals segments of genitals generally correctly depicted by Brodsky (1930: 694, fig. 17) (Fig. 3). Unistyligers only slightly elongated, almost as long as wide (distance between unistyligers smaller than unistyliger width at its base); segment I of gonostylus with parallel margins; segment II slender, elongated, only slightly extended towards apex; segment III small, oval or slightly elongated, with distinctly truncate inner margin (Fig. 3). Size (length): body 7 mm; forewing 7 mm. Holotype of Baetis mycetopis fixed by monotypy. The species was described on the basis of the single male imago collected in Tashkent City (Uzbekistan) in October 1929 (probably collected at the University building, as this is briefly referred to in the original description). Kluge (1995: 13) published information about the deposition of this specimen in the collection of ZIN RAS and marked this male imago as “ holotype ” of B. mycetopis; further published detailed information about the content of the original labels being: “ Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Kabinett, x – 1929 leg. K. Brodsky” (original K. Brodsky’ label) and “ Baetis mycetopis Brodsky 1930 Holotypus ” (label added by N. J. Kluge in 1995). Some body parts of the male imago were mounted on slides with Canada balsam (Figs 4, 6, 8) and accompanied by the original K. Brodsky’ label “ Baetis Ташкент 29” [Baetis Tashkent 29], and also by N. J. Kluge’ label “ Baetis mycetopis Br Holotypus Uzbekistan, Tashkent Kabinett X – 1929 leg. K. Brodsky”. In the same tube together with the male imago there is also a female imago which is not mentioned in the original description. Its systematic position remains unclear. Description of holotype of Baetis mycetopis [in addition to Brodsky (1930) and Novikova (1987b)]. Color features of the male imago described by K. Brodsky are evidently (as is the case with B. heptapotamicus) not preserved due to long-term conservation in formaldehyde and ethanol (as is the case of B. heptapotamicus). Therefore, the color of the male specimen described here differs from the original description. Head and thorax light brown to brown, mesonotum intensively brown. Turbinate eyes flattened due to fixation process, visible part of facetted surface uniformly light brown. Shaft color almost invisible, however shaft is presumably lighter in comparison with facetted surface, uniformly colored. Legs uniformly light yellow to yellow; forelegs light brown. Only femora of forelegs with preserved diffused reddish-brown spot distally. General relative tarsal segments length ratio: 1>2>3>4 (Fig. 8). Wings hyaline, transparent. Venations of both wings yellowish-brown. Pterostigma almost transparent, opaque with 3−4 cross veins (see Brodsky 1930: 692, fig. 15a). Hind wings 2.5 time longer than wide, with rounded apex (Brodsky 1930: 692, 15b; see also our Fig. 6). Costal projection well developed. Three longitudinal veins; cross veins absent. Third vein ends at approximately half of the wing length. Right hind wing with one small intercalary vein between second and third veins (Fig. 6); left hind wing with one intercalary vein between first and second veins, and two intercalaries between second and third vein (see Brodsky 1930: 692, fig. 15b). Color pattern of abdominal segments figured and described by Brodsky (1930: 692, fig. 13) only partly preserved; general abdomen color light yellow to yellow, except segments IX −X (uniformly yellowish-brown to light brown). Terga II −VI with yellowish-brown area laterally and two central oblique dots of the same color on a light (yellow) background. Sterna with unclear central light line. Cerci lost. Shape and proportions of individual segments of genitals depicted incorrectly by Brodsky (1930: 692, fig. 14). Author reported and figured presence of rounded protuberances in inner margin of gonostylus segment I. In specimen studied this segment always has parallel margins, without subapical protuberances (see below; Fig. 4). Genitals light brown. Each unistyliger approximately as broad as long, distance between unistyligers smaller than unistyliger width at its base. Gonostylus segment I cylindrical, with parallel margins (right segment slightly tapering towards apex); segment II slender, elongated, curved inwards and slightly extended towards apex; segment III small, oval with distinctly truncate inner margin (Fig. 4). Size (length): body 7.2 mm; forewing 6.7 mm. Synonymy of B. heptapotamicus and B. mycetopis. The synonymy of these species was proposed for the first time by Novikova (1987b: 70). Our investigation of the types of both species and additional reared material collected by N. J. Kluge in Talas Mts. (Kyrgyzstan) in 1986 and by N. J. Kluge and E. A. Novikova in Hissar Mts. (Tajikistan) in 1981 reveals that B. mycetopis is conspecific with B. heptapotamicus. We have found no significant differences in the structure of the genitals of type specimens of B. heptapotamicus and B. mycetopi

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