Onthophagus bolivari Arriaga-Jiménez, Moctezuma, Rossini, Zunino & Halffter, 2016, sp. nov.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Onthophagus bolivari sp. nov. Moctezuma, Rossini & Zunino Type locality. Cerro El Pinal (Rincón Citlaltépetl), state of Puebla, Mexico. Description. Habitus: Major male (Fig. 1). Length 8.3 mm. Maximum width 4.6 mm at the middle of the prothorax. Color black, silky and dull, basal half of pronotum and elytra silky, anterior half of pronotum and head distinctly shiner. Clypeus strongly concave, pentagonal, almost square shaped if seen from above, anterior margin strongly reflexed. Head with lateral margins weakly sinuate in proximity of the clypeo-genal sutures. Genae evenly curved, genal sutures inconspicuous. Clypeal carina absent, frontal carina transverse, strong and slightly sinuated at middle, sometimes almost angulated backward, evanescent on either sides, clypeus with coarse and deep punctures very close and often confluent, frontal surface either smooth or with fine punctures. Pronotum with a feeble depression on the posterior side, posterior margin of pronotum marked by a row of deep punctures. Pronotal prominence triangular and apically obtuse and rounded, intermediate tubercles absents, posterior tubercles strong, transversally developed and situated slightly behind the midline of pronotum, pronotal disc with medium-size and shallow punctures, densely distributed on the anterior half and, finer and scattered posteriorly, pronotal surface with an evident and reticular microsculpture, finer in the posterior half, lateral margins of pronotum almost evenly rounded if seen from above, median angles distinctly reflexed. Elytral striae fine, shiny, with very shallow punctures separated by three diameters, elytral interstriae flat, dull and silky, with very small and scattered punctuation, surface of the elytral intervals with the same microsculpture noticed for the posterior half of pronotum, pygidium dull and silky, with a very fine punctuation evenly distributed, some punctures bearing very short and yellow seta, pygidial surface defined by a distinct microsculpture. Foretibiae long and slender, apically distinctly curved, and slightly wider, apical tooth triangular and covering the insertion point of the apical spur, spur curved ventrally. Parameres and endophallic sclerites as represented in Fig. 4. Variation. Minor male (Fig. 2). Differs from the major male for its smaller size, clypeus more distinctly trapezoidal, frontal carina reduced, pronotal prominence very weak, foretibiae similar to female. Female (Fig. 3). In addition to secondary sexual characters the female differs to the minor male by the clypeus curved and clearly sinuated at middle, clypeal carina low, either slightly curved or almost straight, frontal carina regularly curved on both sides. Female genitalia as represented in Fig. 5. Material examined. Holotype: major ♂ labeled “ México, El Pinal, Puebla, a 0.3 km de Rincón, 2/VII/13, necrotrampa 7n2, x-9753’59.8”W, y-198’55.3”N, veg. arbustiva, 2704 m, Moctezuma J.V.P. Col. 19 paratypes ♂♂♀♀: Synthesis of paratype material collection sites.— MEXICO: State of Puebla: Cerro El Pinal (Rincón Citlaltépetl) at 0.3 km from Rincón Citlaltépetl, 2704–2710 m a.s.l.; Cerro El Pinal (Santa Isabel Tepetzala) at 2.5 km from Rincón de Citlaltépetl, 2543 m a.s.l. MEXICO: State of Tlaxcala: La Malinche Volcano (12.5 km from the Municipality of Chiautempan), 2700–2900 m a.s.l.; La Malinche Volcano (La Malinche Holiday Resort, 26 km from Huamantla), 3300–3500 m a.s.l.; La Malinche Volcano (6.5 km from Ignacio de Zaragoza, Municipality of Hueyutlipan), 2850–2950 m a.s.l.; La Malinche Volcano (La Malinche Research Station, 8.5 km from Ixtenco), 3100–3200 m a.s.l. The paratypes’ labels bear the exact geographic coordinates, as well as general information, such as baits, vegetation type, collection date and collectors. Holotype and 19 paratypes: G. Halffter collection, Xalapa, Ver., Mexico. Other paratypes (387 specimens): Collections of A. Arriaga (Instituto de Ecología, A.C.), Víctor Moctezuma (Puebla, Pue., Mexico); M.A. Morón, (Xalapa, Ver., Mexico); M. Rossini (Urbino, Italy) M. Zunino (Urbino, Italy); Zoology Museum, UNAM (Mexico, DF); Instituto de Ecología, A. C. (Xalapa, Mexico); Laboratoire de Zoogéographie, Université Paul-Valéry (Montpellier); Canadian National Collection (Ottawa). Derivatio nominis: We dedicate this new species to the memory of Cándido Bolívar y Pieltain (1897–1976), one of the great founders of modern entomology in Mexico.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.067 | 0.025 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".