Interrogating low Arctic seabirds: Indicators of changing prey ocean and climate conditions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Our research is centered on seabird predators and key forage species (Arctic cod, capelin, lantern fish, crustaceans). Simultaneous research in the High and Low Arctic is integrated through the Labrador Current that provides a ¿downstream¿ link to evaluate influences of High Arctic climate on marine life in Low Arctic ecosystems. In collaboration with Inuit and Newfoundland hunters and fishers, we use seabirds to sample the marine environment over multiple regional and ocean-basin scales. Analysis of seabird diets, reproductive performance and foraging behavior reveal climate associated changes in forage species assemblages. Seabird diets collected during 2007-09 extend existing time series data (1970s -1990s) to assess recent changes in forage fish and zooplankton diversity and distribution associated with changes in sea ice coverage in the High Arctic and with fluctuating water temperatures in the Low Arctic driven by the southward flowing Arctic Labrador Current. Information on the wintering movements and ocean residency areas of seabirds has previously been extremely difficult to assess using traditional methods (e.g. vessel observations, banding studies). To address this knowledge gap we deployed geo-location devices to record bird movements, placing them on Common and Thick-billed Murres from 7 breeding colonies in the eastern Canadian Arctic (Prince Leopold, Coats, Digges, Minarets) and Newfoundland and Labrador ( Gannet, Funk and Gull Islands), ranging in latitude from 47° to 74°N). The results from the geo-location studies are revealing new and unexpected insights into the non-breeding distributions of both murre species. Thick-billed Murres from Hudson Bay remained in the Bay until mid-November, coinciding with the usual period of sea ice formation in northern Hudson Bay and spent the early part of the winter farther north (Labrador Sea) than expected. Wintering areas were different for each colony, with individuals from the same colony showing similar wintering movements and patterns of habitat use. As well, movement patterns of individuals were consistent across years. Overall, Thick-billed Murres more ranged more widely than Common Murres. The offshore waters along the continental shelf edge of the Grand Bank were very important for Common Murres throughout the non-breeding period and most birds did not utilize coastal waters that previously were deemed so important for these birds.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".