Electronic Supplementary Material for “Arctic warming drives striking 21st century ecosystem shifts in Great Slave Lake (Subarctic Canada), North America's deepest lake”
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Great Slave Lake (GSL), one of the world's largest and deepest lakes, has undergone an aquatic ecosystem transformation in response to twenty-first century accelerated Arctic warming that is unparalleled in at least the past two centuries. Algal remains from four high-resolution palaeolimnological records retrieved from the West Basin provide baseline limnological data that we compared to historical phycological surveys undertaken on GSL between the 1940s and 1990s. We document the rapid restructuring of algal community composition <i>ca</i>. 2000 CE that is consistent with recent increases in regional air temperature and declines in ice cover and wind speed, that collectively altered habitats for aquatic biota. This new limnological regime initiated the first observation of scaled chrysophytes and favoured the rapid proliferation of small planktonic cyclotelloid diatoms which replaced the long-established dominance of large filamentous <i>Aulacoseira islandica</i> in West Basin sedimentary records. Such abrupt transformations in the primary producers of this socio-ecologically valuable ‘northern Great Lake’ may have widespread implications for the entire food web with unknown consequences for aquatic ecosystem functioning and fisheries, which First Nations, Métis, and other northern communities depend upon, pointing to the need for new studies.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".