Survey of Northern Abalone in British Columbia’s PFMAs 3 and 4, May 2021
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Northern abalone (Haliotis kamtschatkana) is a marine mollusc that is patchily distributed along the west coast of Canada. A moratorium on harvest was put in place in 1990 after severe declines in abundance. In 2011, Northern abalone was designated as endangered under Schedule 1 of the Species at Risk Act (SARA). Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) has conducted index site surveys for Northern abalone since 1978, rotating through five regions along the BC coast. In May 2021, an exploratory abalone survey was conducted in previously un-surveyed portions of Pacific Fishery Management Areas (PFMA) 3 and 4 in the North Coast of British Columbia. Estimated mean density of abalone (emergent; all sizes) was 3.43 abalone/m2, 95% CI [2.77, 4.32]. Emergent juvenile abalone (20 – 69 mm Shell Length (SL)) were most abundant (2.82 abalone/m2, 95% CI [2.23, 3.69]) followed by emergent adult abalone (70 mm – 99 mm SL; 0.39 abalone/m2, 95% CI [0.28, 0.54]) then emergent large adults (≥ 100 mm SL; 0.01 abalone/m2, 95% CI [0.01, 0.03]). Estimated mean density of cryptic abalone (all sizes) was 0.23 abalone/m2, 95% CI [0.12, 0.39]. The proportion of sites with large adults (≥ 100 mm SL) present was 14.3% and the proportion of quadrats containing mature (≥ 70 mm SL) abalone was 23.6%. These results were compared to the most recent index site surveys conducted in Northern BC and to recovery goals, objectives, and targets set for Northern abalone in the Action Plan.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".