Assessing activeness in response to the addition of a playground animator at an indigneous elementary school with the Kahnawake schools diabetes prevention project
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: T2DM (Type 2 Diabetes) has relatively recently emerged as new epidemic now affecting children. T2DM also disproportionately affects Canadian First Nations and Inuit. Physical activity during childhood has been shown to reduce the likelihood of the progression to overweight and obesity in adulthood. Overweight and obesity are predictors of the onset of T2DM. Objective: To describe and assess activity levels of schoolchildren in an indigenous elementary school with and without the presence of a playground animator in order to further enhance knowledge and prevent T2DM in this population. The proportions of students in sedentary, active, and walking (moderate) physical activity levels were described with and without the presence of a playground animator. The relationship of physical activity to contextual variables such as supervision, organization and equipment were also described. The effect of temperature and time were also observed for their effects on physical activity level. In order to address other issues affecting healthy lifestyles, we also examined negative behaviours such as bullying or teasing (name calling) and used field notes to provide an ethnographic description of the playground atmosphere. Methods: A direct observation method entitled SOPLAY was used to assess physical activity and record other contextual variables. Children in grades 1-6 were observed during three months (September to December 2011) at recess and lunchtime when an intervention in the community offered an animator at the school on alternate days for recess and lunch time. Results: After 3 months of observations the average number of children per scan observed engaging in sedentary activity was 0.49 ± 1.21, for walking activity 7.22 ± 6.96, and for active 2.94 ± 4.38. A comparison of days with and without the animator showed no differences in activity level overall. The contextual variables (organisation, equipment provision and supervision) were found to be significantly positively associated with walking and active (MVPA) behaviours (p<0.05) but not with sedentary activity. Temperature change (-4°C to 25°C) showed significant correlations with activity levels (p<0.05), higher temperatures were found to be positively associated with increases in sedentary and active levels. Poor snack choices and peer teasing and bullying were observed in the school's environment as well. Conclusions: Improving physical activity levels, and healthy lifestyles among children in schools as a group poses special obstacles and numerous resources are needed to effect change. More research involving the critical examination of the most promising behaviour change techniques with school children is needed. Barriers to successful implementation of school based physical activity and healthy behaviour interventions require in-depth policy guidance.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".