Bicentennial Celebrations in Latin America
Bibliographic record
Abstract
bringing together emerging leaders of the wester n hemisphereDear Fellows, This newsletter focuses on the bicentennial celebrations currently underway in many Latin American countries.Like most anniversaries and special dates, these celebrations offer an opportunity to assess the past and reimagine the future.We invited our fellows to reflect on the ongoing or upcoming bicentennial celebrations in their countries.Fellows from Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Mexico and the United States discuss the meaning of the commemorations, reflect on the histories of their countries and assess the present in view of past ideals.Their reflections evoke a shared vision, rooted in the past, of a hemisphere in search of its own course in history: Most countries in the region will celebrate the bicentennial of their independence during the next 20 years.The fellows point out the challenges involved in creating independent states and their institutions.During the past 200 years, the region has experienced a dramatic transformation from weak statehoods that lacked participation of actors such as the indigenous populations and the descendents of African slaves, to relatively stable democracies.Nevertheless, much progress is still needed in the social, political and economic spheres.These articles remind us that bicentennial celebrations are collective acts, as was the search for independence and self-determination.This newsletter responds to the need to collectively analyze this important moment in our shared history.I want to thank all of you who contributed to this newsletter with thoughtful articles that put Latin America's bicentennial celebrations into perspective.For the fall 2010 edition, we would welcome your reflections and analyses regarding global energy trends.We are especially interested in receiving contributions from our Canadian, Mexican, Brazilian and Venezuelan fellows.The newsletter provides a space for you to share your thoughts and knowledge on this significant topic, which is critical for our region and our planet in general.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.019 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".