Comparison of heat release rate from experiments against numerical predictions and evaluation of life safety in residential houses
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper we investigate the ability of the Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS), a Computational Fluid dynamics (CFD) fire model, to predict the heat release rate of polyurethane foam and the resulting spread of products of combustion in a residential building. The results from FDS are compared with data from open-air fire experiments conducted using two sections of a sofa mock-up, which were constructed entirely out of polyurethane foam. The burning rate of a sofa is characterized as a fast growing fire. We also present the results of a simulation using the FDS of a fast growing fire in a room on the first storey of a three-storey house. The numerical simulation of the fire in the three-storey house indicated that the opening of the stairwell doors allows toxic gases in the form of CO2 and CO to move to the upper floor. This contaminated the upper floors and rendered them life threatening to the occupants.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".