The cutaneous microbiota of healthy horses in one barn in Ontario and evaluation of the effect of individual, skin site & season on bacterial composition and diversity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Very little is known about the microbiota of equine skin. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of body site, individual and season on taxonomic distributions, as well as alpha and beta diversity on the cutaneous microbiota of healthy horses by sequencing the V4 region of the 16SrRNA gene. Samples from the pastern, dorsum, abdomen and groin were collected from 12 horses at four timepoints within the same year. Alpha diversity was higher in the Winter and Summer than the Spring and Fall whereas it did not differ between skin site or individual. Significant differences were seen in beta diversity between skin site and season, but populations clustered more based on season. The cutaneous microbiota of horses is diverse, season is the main driving factor and healthy horses sharing an environment have similar microbiota. This longitudinal survey may serve as a baseline for future larger scale studies.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".