DNA barcoding of echinoderms: Species diversity and patterns of molecular evolution
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This thesis investigates species diversity and patterns of molecular evolution in the phylum Echinodermata. The first chapter tests and confirms the utility of DNA barcoding for species identification in 131 species of echinoderms. The impact of larval development and dispersal on intraspecific divergence is examined for trans-oceanic and putative cryptic species. The second chapter investigates the association between rates of molecular evolution and developmental mode by employing phylogenetically independent comparisons between species with contrasting modes of larval development (e.g., planktotrophy vs. maternal brood-protection). The results show that species with nonpelagic development have accelerated rates of evolution when compared to those with pelagic development. However, further investigation is required to determine the factors responsible for this trend. These results suggest that reproductive mode is an important factor in the establishment and maintenance of patterns and rates of genetic divergence in echinoderms.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".