Effect of FRP retrofitting on post-blast axial capacity of reinforced concrete columns
Bibliographic record
Abstract
An experimental study was performed to examine the enhancement in axial capacity of HP-CFRP wrapped reinforced concrete columns subjected to simulated air blast. Tests were conducted in an academic testing environment using a shock tube. Four half scale reinforced concrete columns (150 mm × 150 mm × 2438 mm) were tested under single blast shot. Two columns were externally strengthened with UD [0/90] W [±45]₂ UD [0] CFRP sheets, and the other two columns were left unprotected to serve as control columns. The columns were subjected to axial compression of 50 % of the column ultimate axial capacity. In order to examine the residual axial capacity of the tested columns, they were loaded axially up to ultimate load capacity after the application of the blast load. The damage generated at the critical zone was completely prevented by the application of the CFRP jacketing. It is found that columns externally strengthened with CFRP laminate are capable to carry high axial load compared to unprotected columns after a major blast event.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".