Enzymatic Electro-reduction of Carbon Dioxide to Formate by Directly Immobilized NAD+-independent Formate Dehydrogenase
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Global warming has been raising concerns for the state of the climate and the resulting adverse effects, due to the rise in levels of greenhouse gases including methane, nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide. As the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide has been rapidly increasing each year, it is pertinent to work on the decrease of such levels through the development of renewable methods of electricity generation and development of efficient methods of conversion of CO2 to chemicals. Electrochemical conversion of CO2 into reduced C1 compounds is a useful technique to reduce carbon dioxide levels as it is easy to select the appropriate reaction conditions. As electrochemical reduction of CO2 is associated with low product selectivity and efficiency due to competition with hydrogen evolution reactions, enzymatic electroreduction of carbon dioxide can be utilized due to the high selectivity of enzymes. This thesis demonstrates novel approaches to the direct immobilization of metal-independent formate dehydrogenases on electrode surfaces to facilitate the direct catalysis of carbon dioxide reduction to formate, without the need for NADH/NAD+ cofactors.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".