Facilitating and Inhibiting Factors of Social Participation in the Elderly Based on Health-promoting Behaviors: A Cross-sectional Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objectives Social participation is a determining factor for promoting health and well-being. This study aims to investigate the factors facilitating and inhibiting the social participation of the elderly in Kerman, Iran based on their health-promoting behaviors. Methods & Materials This cross-sectional study was conducted on 276 elderly people over 60 years old in Kerman city in 2020. They completed a demographic from, the questionnaire of social participation based on the Canadian Community Health Survey, and the questionnaire of health- promoting behaviors. Descriptive statistics and statistical tests including univariate and multivariate regression were used for data analysis. Data were analyzed in SPSS software, version 26, and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The Mean±SD score of social participation was 6.71±4.01. Illness and health problems (50.3%), costs (39.1%), commuting problems (31.1%), low mood (29.3%), and COVID-19 pandemic (28.2%) were the most common barriers to social participation. The elderly who were single (P<0.001), younger (P<0.001), with academic degree (P<0.001), and low number of children (P<0.001) had significantly higher social participation. Multivariable analysis showed that physical activity (P=0.033), disease prevention (P=0.002), and physical and social health (P<0.001) were the factors affecting social participation of the elderly. Conclusion The social participation of the elderly in Kerman is affected by multiple factors. Therefore, planning to manage diseases, increase income, and solve the transportation problems of the elderly are recommended to improve their social participation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".