Flicker emission of distributed wind power: analysis and mitigation solutions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The objective of this thesis is to analyze and provide solutions to the voltage flicker problem seen upon the connection of wind generators to distribution grids of low short-circuit levels and/or low reactance-to-resistance ratios (X/R ratios). The aim of this work is to mitigate the negative impact on distribution networks power quality and allow for increased penetration of wind power at the distribution level. In this thesis, control schemes for the active and reactive power flows at the wind generator bus of connection as well as planning decisions that can be made by the distribution networks operators are proposed to alleviate the voltage fluctuations impact of the intermittent resource of electric power. More specifically, the following is proposed: a modification to conventional reactive power control schemes in order to treat voltage flicker independent of the steady-state voltage level, and allow for flicker mitigation under injection of reactive power at the wind generators side; the use of a short-term energy storage system at the wind generators bus of connection, the sizing of the energy storage system is based on both the wind speed and the wind turbulence intensity at the installation site, and the control and management of the storage system are tailored to the frequency band of voltage flicker; and finally, network-based planning solutions that increase the connection point flicker suppression capacity. All the proposed solutions are studied from the flicker impact perspective and conclusions are drawn for their effectiveness in light of the given connection point characteristics and size of installed wind power. Sample results for all the proposed schemes are reproduced on a distribution-network model in a real-time simulation platform for verification purposes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".