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Record W6982366732

Impact de facteurs nutritionnels sur l’activité d’un biofilm dénitrifiant méthylotrophe en milieu salin : du genre Methylophaga à la communauté microbienne

2023· other· fr· W6982366732 on OpenAlexaboutno aff

Bibliographic record

VenueEspaceINRS Institutional Digital Repository (Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique) · 2023
Typeother
Languagefr
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicUrban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsBiofilmNitrateNitriteEnvironmental factor
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Les systèmes de recirculation apportent une solution pertinente pour réduire l’afflux d’eaux usées générées par les activités de pisciculture. Néanmoins ces eaux peuvent contenir de fortes teneurs en nitrate, néfaste pour la vie aquatique. Un bon moyen de remédiation consiste à utiliser la dénitrification hétérotrophe, une méthode qui valorise la faculté des bactéries à réduire le nitrate en diazote gazeux. Bien que rentable, l’exploitation d’un tel système biologique repose sur une compréhension suffisante des microorganismes sollicités, afin de démystifier leur comportement au sein même du procédé. Pour ce faire, il faut acquérir de nouvelles connaissances et cela s’appuie aujourd’hui sur l’étude des communautés microbiennes. Le biofilm du Biodôme de Montréal a été isolé d’une filière de dénitrification, implantée à l’origine pour traiter l’eau de mer d’un aquarium de 3 millions de litres. Il forme une communauté dénitrifiante méthylotrophe de 15 à 20 espèces, où le genre Methylophaga a été identifié parmi les plus abondants et actifs. A travers l’exemple de ce consortium microbien, l’objectif de cette thèse était d’explorer la réponse bactérienne à différentes conditions nutritives, en carbone, azote et oxygène. Le premier volet a permis de comparer l’expression génique des souches Methylophaga nitratireducenticrescens JAM1 et GP59, toutes deux issues du biofilm dans différentes conditions de culture. La souche JAM1, dépourvue de nitrite réductase, peut réduire le nitrate que les conditions de cultures soient oxiques ou anoxiques. A l’opposé, la souche GP59, dont la voie de dénitrification est complète (nitrate à l’azote gazeux), est incapable de réduire le nitrate en conditions oxiques de cultures. Cette étude a démontré que l’absence de comportement dénitrifiant de la souche GP59 en présence d’oxygène est corrélée (i) à une faible expression des gènes qui codent pour le système Nar1 (nitrate réductase) ; (ii) à une sous-expression des transporteurs de nitrate ; et (iii) à une sous-expression de plusieurs gènes impliqués dans la l’assemblage des flagelles, comparée à la souche JAM1. Ces résultats soulignent ainsi que l’absence d’activité de dénitrification en cultures oxiques chez la souche GP59 pourrait être associée à une inhibition de l’expression du système Nar1, ainsi qu’à d’autres fonctions telles que la mobilité cellulaire ou le transport du nitrate, pour aller capter la ressource dans l’environnement. Le second volet de cette thèse visait à mieux comprendre l’adaptation du biofilm au complet du Biodôme de Montréal face à des changements du ratio carbone/azote (C/N), au sein d’un procédé à l’échelle de laboratoire. Malgré une performance qui semblait assez peu impactée, nous avons mis en évidence une tendance à la diminution de la proportion et de l’activité du genre Methylophaga, au profit d’autres populations bactériennes. Les variations du ratio C/N, un phénomène parfois observé en condition réelle, semble avoir influencé la stabilité de la communauté microbienne dans notre système et provoqué une réponse adaptative. An effective way to reduce the amount of wastewater due to aquatic farming is by using recirculating systems. Unfortunately those waters can contain high levels of nitrate that are harmful for the aquatic life. The activity of heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria, whose ability is to reduce the nitrate into nitrogen gas, can be considered to face this issue. While this method is effective, it requires a good understanding of the bacterial behaviour, in response to various environmental parameters. As we develop our knowledge of those microorganisms, the need to explore microbial communities has emerged. Currently, this is a significant way to get insights into the bacterial process. The Montreal Biodôme biofilm was isolated from a denitrification system, established to treat salt water in a 3 million liters aquarium. This biomass forms a community of 15 to 20 species, where one of the most abundant and active genera was identified as Methylophaga genus. By studying this biofilm as a model, the aim of this thesis was to better understand the bacterial response to different nutritives conditions, in carbon, nitrogen and oxygen. The first objective was to compare the gene expression of two Methylophaga nitratireducenticrescens strains JAM1 and GP59, isolated from the biofilm in different conditions. Strain JAM1, which demonstrates a partial denitrification pathway, can reduce the nitrate under anoxic growing conditions as well as oxic growing conditions. On the contrary, strain GP59 which has a complete denitrification pathway (nitrate to dinitrogen), can only reduce the nitrate in anoxic growing conditions. Our results emphasized a correlation between the lack of activity in strain GP59 under oxic conditions and (i) a low expression of the genes encoding the Nar1 system (nitrate reductase) ; (ii) a downregulation of the genes encoding the nitrate transporters and (iii) a downregulation of several genes involved in flagellum mobility, compared to strain JAM1. These results suggest that the lack of denitrifying activity in strain GP59 under oxic conditions could be associated to the inhibition of the nar1 operon, as well as other functions like cell mobility or nitrate transport, to reach for the molecule in the environment. The second objective of this thesis was to explore the bacterial response of the whole Montreal Biodôme biofilm to several changes in the carbon/nitrogen ratio (C/N), in a lab-scale bioprocess. Even though the overall denitrification performance stayed similar during the whole process, a decrease in the proportion and activity of the Methylophaga genus seems to be noted, for the benefit of the other bacterial taxa. Finally, in our system, the fluctuations of the C/N ratio appeared to disturb the community stability, which seems to lead to an adaptative response.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: Bench or experimental
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.018
Threshold uncertainty score0.036

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0010.000
Open science0.0000.001
Research integrity0.0010.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0030.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.071
GPT teacher head0.324
Teacher spread0.253 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designBench or experimental
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

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Citations0
Published2023
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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