The institutional responses to the demands made by Canadian victims of terrorism: Explaining group success through pluralist and neopluralist theories
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This thesis is an investigation of the 1985 bombing of Air India Flight 182, where 280 Canadians were killed. In the aftermath, a group of victims' families organized themselves into the Air India Victims' Families Association (AIVFA) and began to demand policy changes from the government. Over the course of twenty-five years, the AIVFA achieved some of its goals, such as securing an Air India inquiry and several memorials across the country. This thesis examines the role played by victims of terrorism in the political process and the factors that may explain why the government would respond (or not respond) to demands made by the AIVFA. While policy success may be attributed (in part) to the factors identified by pluralists (leadership, size, resources, mobilization, perceived legitimacy, and decision-making structure), the experience of the AIVFA can be better understood through a neopluralist lens that is also sensitive to the importance of policy windows.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.014 | 0.021 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".