An inquiry on the ebate of the U.S. liberal-conservative swing in the 1980s
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The electoral triumphs of the Republicans in the United States in 1980 and 1984 could be seen as part of a trend that has touched many Western industrialized democracies (the Progressive Conservatives in Canada in 1979 and 1984, the Coriservatives in Britain in 1979 and 1983). It was frequently argued that the American people turned to the right and something happened in the ever-long American liberal tradition. Of course, as many scholars observe, the election result of 1980 can be said as the outcome of Democratic economic misfortune. But the landslide victory of Ronald Reagan in 1984 could not be attributed to just a misfortune of the Democratic party and liberal philosophy. Reagan obliterated the opposition. Mondale carried only his home state, and that by the narrowest margins. It became a signal toward a speculation about the resurgence of consenratism. Did really America turn to the right?
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.021 | 0.009 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".