La reestructuración urbana en América Latina Las ciudades latinoamericanas y el capitalismo dependiente
Bibliographic record
Abstract
From the last quarter of the XX century, it emerges in Latin America a new pattern of reproduction of capital qualified exporter of productive specialization. Its main axes are in the branches exposed to the external demand of raw material and food, segments of manufacture and, in some cases, financial services and commercial markets. Before the transformations in the productive structures developed in the period of industrialization of its economies, the Latin-American cities began to live through processes of urban restructuring by means of which the capital invigorates its most profitable sectors and submits the workpeople to the new neoliberal labor diet. To a great extent, the previous thing meant a big offensive against the world of the work, what gave place to diverse processes of very varied nature, which take as a conductive thread to recover the fall of the valuation profit in the central economies unloading the losses on classes, regions and capitals of the underdeveloped economies. Opposite to this context, the present article takes as a target to exhibit a theoretical - conceptual frame that allows to know and explain the processes of urban restructuring of the Latin-American capitalism, the impacts of the new boss of capital reproduction in the Latin-American cities and the subordinated role of these metropolises to the new international division of labor. We will base our expositions from a historical and structural interpretation of the conditions of dependence on the region inside the functioning of the capitalist world system to identify its present phase of development, the transformations in the world of the work and the changes carried out in its spatial dynamics of valuation and capital accumulation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.017 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.009 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".