Localization of integrin αvß3 and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 \n\t\t\t\t (KDR/Flk-1) in cutaneous and oral melanomas of dog
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Melanomas are common neoplasms of dogs\n\t\t\t\t and arise from pigment-producing cells called\n\t\t\t\t melanocytes or melanoblasts. Melanomas of skin are\n\t\t\t\t often easily cured by surgical excision, but those of oral\n\t\t\t\t mucosa are aggressive, metastasize to the regional\n\t\t\t\t lymph nodes and lungs, and respond poorly to\n\t\t\t\t conventional therapy. Tumor growth is sustained by\n\t\t\t\t proliferation of microvessels via a process called\n\t\t\t\t angiogenesis. Integrin \n\t\t\t\t α\n\t\t\t\t vß3 is expressed in proliferating\n\t\t\t\t but not in quiescent microvessels suggesting a role in\n\t\t\t\t angiogenesis. Vascular endothelial growth factor\n\t\t\t\t (VEGF) manifests its mitogenic and angiogenic effects\n\t\t\t\t mainly via VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2/Flk-1). We\n\t\t\t\t conducted this immunocytochemical study to investigate\n\t\t\t\t the expression of integrin \n\t\t\t\t α\n\t\t\t\t vß3 and VEGFR-2 in\n\t\t\t\t archival and fresh samples from cases of canine\n\t\t\t\t melanomas. Results show that integrin \n\t\t\t\t α\n\t\t\t\t vß3 was\n\t\t\t\t expressed in 72% and 88% of cutaneous and oral\n\t\t\t\t melanomas, respectively, and the expression was\n\t\t\t\t restricted to and immediately around the melanocytes\n\t\t\t\t and endothelial cells. VEGFR-2 staining of selected\n\t\t\t\t cases of melanoma revealed that its expression\n\t\t\t\t overlapped with the \n\t\t\t\t α\n\t\t\t\t v\n\t\t\t\t β\n\t\t\t\t 3 integrin. Dual immuno-gold\n\t\t\t\t electron microscopy confirmed co-localization of\n\t\t\t\t integrin \n\t\t\t\t α\n\t\t\t\t vß3 and VEGFR-2 in melanocytes and\n\t\t\t\t endothelial cells. These data demonstrate expression and\n\t\t\t\t co-localization of integrin \n\t\t\t\t α\n\t\t\t\t vß3 and VEGFR-2 in\n\t\t\t\t cutaneous and oral melanomas of dogs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".