Mise à jour sur les substances appauvrissant la couche d'ozone (SAO) et autres gaz d'intérêt pour le Protocole de Montréal
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Mise à jour sur les substances appauvrissant la couche d'ozone (SAO) et autres gaz d'intérêt pour le Protocole de Montréal emmanuel.mahieu@uliege.be HALOGENATED GASES Halogenated compounds• Organic compounds carrying F, Cl, Br, I*, mono-, poly-or perhalogenated...• The range of halogenated compounds present in the troposphere has been considerably modified over the last few decades as a result of the intensive use of numerous synthetic products in extremely diversified applications, massively emitted to the atmosphere after use • Mainly derived from alkanes (C n H 2n+2 ) ⇒ organic chlorine • But also SF 6 , SF 5 CF 3 • Targeted by the Montreal (Cl and Br) and/or Kyoto (F) Protocols • Fluorinated or per-fluorinated ethers (ROR', HFEs), which are currently not subject to any regulation, although some of them have long lifetimes and high GWPs (see Table A-5 in WMO2022**) (*) We will not address here iodine compounds (CH 3 I, CH 2 I 2 ...), their lifetime is of the order of one hour to a few days, they are present in very small quantities in the Earth's atmosphere.(**) Scientific Assessment of ozone depletion of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), 2022 [https://hdl.handle.net/2268/299913].Methyl chloride (CH 3 Cl) • CH 3 Cl is the most abundant halogen compound in the Earth's atmosphere (troposphere), with an average mixing ratio of 545 ppt (WMO, 2022) • It has no long-term trend, although significant interannual variations are observed (e.g., in relation to intense forest fires) • It has natural sources (tropical and sub-tropical plants, oceans, biomass combustion...) and anthropogenic sources (industrial processes, domestic wood heating...) • The main sink is the destruction by OH, in the troposphere • In imbalance (sinks exceed sources), its atmospheric budget (Table 1-4, WMO, 2014) is still subject to high uncertainties, so it is not excluded that significant sources and/or sinks have not yet been identified or properly assessed; industrial sources located in China could compensate for this imbalance (section 1.2.6. in WMO, 2018) • CH 3 Cl has a lifetime of 0.9 year and a global warming potential (GWP; over 100 years) of 6 • Given this relatively short lifetime, there are marked latitudinal and seasonal variations After Simmonds et al.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.010 | 0.018 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.033 | 0.007 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".