Northern Ireland after Brexit: still connected to the European Union
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Some four and half years after the British electorate had voted to leave the European Union (EU), all former ties between the United Kingdom (UK) and the EU were finally severed on 31st December 2020. The Prime Minister, Boris Johnson, at a press conference in Downing Street proudly hailed the achievement as a ‘jumbo, Canada style’ Brexit deal, adding that it was a time to celebrate as Great Britain had left the single market and the customs union but retained tariff free access to the EU market, which laid the basis for a ‘giant free trade zone’. This date marks a defining moment in modern British history. It is interesting that Johnson referred here to Great Britain and not the United Kingdom. The terms are not synonymous as the former excludes Northern Ireland. Indeed, Northern Ireland remains tied to certain EU rules and the EU customs territory. How, why and for how long this will remain the case forms the subject of this chapter.<br/><br/>
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".