Non-thermal X-ray emission from Anomalous X-ray Pulsars
Bibliographic record
Abstract
vaders vader To my father and my father's father Of particular interest are 7 radio-dim INSs (called the magnificent seven for many years, however, recently an eighth candidate has been discovered; Rutledge et al. 2008) which were discovered in the ROSAT All-Sky Survey (Voges et al. 1999).The X-ray spectra are purely thermal (kT ∼ 0.04 -0.1 keV) with broad absorption lines (see Haberl 2007, for a review).If these spectral lines are caused by cyclotron absorption, the magnetic field strengths of these objects are either ∼10 10-11 G or ∼10 13-14 G depending on whether this absorption is caused by electrons or protons, respectively.Therefore, they are excellent candidates for studying neutron-star atmospheres and the EOS (e.g.Paerels 1997; Pons et al. 2002).They are slow rotators with pulse periods P ∼ 3.5 -11.5 s and small pulsed fractions.Recent period-derivative measurements ( Ṗ ∼ 10 -13 s s -1 Kaplan & van Kerkwijk 2005a,b; van Kerkwijk & Kaplan 2008) yield magnetic field strengths B ∼ 2 -3 × 10 13 G and characteristic ages Very interesting is the discovery of different quasi periodic oscillations in the tails of the giant flares of SGR 1806-20, SGR 1900+14 and maybe also SGR 0526-66 (Israel et al. 2005b; Strohmayer & Watts 2005, 2006; Watts & Strohmayer 2006;Barat et al. 1983) which might be explained by oscillation modes of the crust.From these oscillations Vietri et al. (2007)
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".