Observability of Tidally Heated Exomoons with METIS
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Using an early version of SimMETIS to simulate the observations METIS will be able to make once the ELT is operable, the observability of THEMs is investigated in this research. While METIS’s high spatial resolution brings hopes of observing the first exomoon, we soon discover the N2-filter to be unusable due to the bright sky thermal background. For the L-filter, the possibility of exomoons around Epsilon Eridani b, GJ 328\nb, and HD 154345 b were investigated. The most likely scenario in which an exomoon would be able to be observed is in the case of a very big (Earth-sized) moon of 600K around Epsilon Eridani b. This temperature, although it’s reachable with the thermal equilibrium theory, would require very high eccentricity and it is unsure if this would be sustainable for a long period of time. Longer observation times may give way to lower temperatures being able to be observed, although the background\nlimit does not vary much between 1hr and 10hr simulations for systems that are so close to Earth. Further investigation should be done into other close-by stars with large star-exoplanet-separations on the sky.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".