Pathogenesis of aquatic bird bornavirus 1 in waterfowl
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Aquatic bird bornavirus 1 (ABBV-1) is a neurotropic virus in the Mononegavirales order that causes persistent infection in the nervous system of wild waterfowl. This virus has a high prevalence in certain populations of wild Canada geese (Branta canadensis) and swans from North America. Experimentally, chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) and Muscovy ducks (Cairina moschata) have been shown to be permissive to ABBV-1 infection. Therefore, the objectives of this thesis were to evaluate whether Pekin ducks (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus), a common domestic waterfowl species, and Canada geese (Branta canadensis), a possible reservoir, are susceptible to ABBV-1 infection and associated disease. \nTwo-day-old Pekin ducks (n, 121) were inoculated with ABBV-1 through the intracranial (IC; n, 32), intramuscular (IM; n, 30), or choanal (CH; n, 30) routes, and one-week-old, Canada geese (n, 65) were inoculated with ABBV-1 through the IM (n, 23) or cloacal (CL; n, 21) routes. Control birds (CO; 29 ducks and 21 geese) were sham inoculated. For the goose trial, 6 uninoculated birds were added to each group to test transmission. Birds were kept up to 21 (ducks) and 18 (geese) weeks postinfection. At specific time points, select birds from each group \nwere euthanized for necropsy and tissue sampling. Duck eggs were opportunistically collected, and embryos screened for ABBV-1 RNA. \nResults showed that ABBV-1 delivered parenterally yielded high infection rates (> 43.4 %), while mucosal inoculations were inefficient. Viral RNA was identified by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry in the brain, spinal cord, and viscera (proventriculus, kidney, gonads) of both species. While numerous ducks and geese developed mononuclear encephalomyelitis, only a minority of ducks (8.9 %) developed clinical signs. Shedding of viral RNA was frequent in ducks, but almost none in geese. Vertical or horizontal transmission was not detected. \nThese results indicate that Pekin ducks are highly permissive to ABBV-1 infection and partly susceptible to associated disease. While Canada geese became infected, shedding was limited and horizontal transmission did not occur, which is in contrast with a possible role as reservoir. Further studies are needed to better understand transmission pathways and disease development of ABBV-1 in waterfowl.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".