Pollution from rural, transportation, extractive, and undisturbed land uses in the Grand and Saugeen Watersheds
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The effects of land drainage from rural land use, transportation corridors, extractive operations and undisturbed (under perennial vegetative cover) areas on the receiving water quality in the Grand River and Saugeen River pilot watersheds (Ontario) were investigated as part of the Task C activities under the Pollution from Land Use Reference Group (PLUARG) of the International Joint Commission. Water-quality and water-quantity data were collected during 1975 and 1976 from: eight rural watersheds; upstream and downstream of a major highway corridor, a sand and gravel pit, a limestone quarry and; from two relatively undisturbed (wooded/idle) land areas in the Grand River and Saugeen River pilot watersheds. Based on the analysis of the data over a two-year period (1975-1976), the major sources of pollutants from these different land uses have been tentatively identified as follows: rural land uses, transportation, extractive operations, and undisturbed (wooded/idle).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".