The settler urban landscape of a British concession: Victoria Park in Tianjin, China
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This chapter argues that the urban landscape in the British concession of Tianjin developed as a result of the dynamic exchange between British settlers and local sociopolitical events, and the concessions thus could be read as semi-colonial settled spaces. A close examination of Victoria Park, as this essay will show, sheds light on other settled spaces that were similar to the British concession in Tianjin, such as the foreign concessions in China; as well as other settler colonies in Australia, Canada, South Africa, and beyond. The chapter adopts the lens of settler-colonialism theories to examine how settler-colonial spaces functioned in the social and political context of a British concession. The settlers in the British concession formed a particular urban landscape that was distinct from that of Chinese society. An examination of Victoria Park using the lens of settler-colonial theory provides a new archive that reveals how public parks functioned as settler-colonial spaces.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".