The Use of Pantoprazole Prior to Frozen Embryo Transfer: A Clinical Trial
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Infertility affects approximately 1 in 6 Canadian couples, with in-vitro fertilization (IVF) being a viable solution. Frozen Embryo Transfer (FET), an integral procedure in IVF, involves the implantation of a cryopreserved embryo into the uterus. Although relatively successful, complications such as miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, and preterm birth remain concerns. Research has shown that uterine contraction at the time of FET negatively impacts implantation success. Therefore, taking a medication with uterine relaxing effects, such as Pantoprazole, during FET may facilitate successful implantation. Pantoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor used in the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and is a pregnancy category B drug with no significant risk of pregnancy complications including preterm delivery, spontaneous abortion, or major congenital birth defects. Emerging data suggests that Pantoprazole relaxes the uterine walls. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of pantoprazole improving implantation during FET procedures. In this single-blind randomized controlled trial, 200 participants undergoing FET at Victory Reproductive Care (VRC) will be recruited and randomized into an experimental or control group. The experimental group will take oral pantoprazole (40mg, daily) for 7 consecutive days, starting 3 days prior to FET. The control group will not receive pantoprazole. The frequency of biochemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, miscarriage, and ectopic pregnancy will be recorded and analyzed to determine if Pantoprazole improves FET outcomes. The results of this novel study may help advance standardized FET procedures to improve fertility outcomes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".