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Record W6989264496

Analyse de l'accessibilité piétonne dans le cadre de la ville des courtes distances et dans une perspective d'équité sociale : le cas de Montréal

2023· other· fr· W6989264496 on OpenAlexaboutno aff

Bibliographic record

VenuePolyPublie (École Polytechnique de Montréal) · 2023
Typeother
Languagefr
FieldComputer Science
TopicSoftware System Performance and Reliability
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsTransportation infrastructureUrban tourismLocal Development
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

RÉSUMÉ: «RÉSUMÉ: L’impact environnemental du secteur des transports est connu, et représente une très grande partie des émissions de gaz à effet de serre au Québec (43.3%), notamment du fait de l’usage de l’automobile. En réponse à ce constat alarmant, le Gouvernement du Québec et la Ville de Montréal ont mis en place des plans directeurs visant à décarboner les transports, en promouvant l’utilisation des modes actifs, et notamment la marche. Cette situation appelle à une réflexion quant à la nature et à la fonction de l’espace urbain. Le concept de la ville des courtes distances fournit pour cela un cadre théorique utile pour construire un espace urbain durable organisé autour d’un système de transport respectueux de l’environnement, porté par le transport en commun et les modes actifs. Le présent mémoire se donne pour objectif de caractériser les déterminants de l’accessibilité piétonne dans la Ville de Montréal, dans le cadre de la ville des courtes distances, et dans une perspective d’équité sociale. Pour ce faire, différents indicateurs d’accessibilité piétonne au niveau des îlots de diffusion sont générés, vers six types de destinations : la culture, la santé et les services sociaux, l’éducation, les zones commerciales, les commerces alimentaires et les activités sportives et récréatives. La méthode des opportunités cumulées est employée, en fixant un seuil de 15 minutes de marche, seuil au-delà duquel l’accessibilité est considérée comme nulle. Ces premiers résultats permettent d’évaluer la répartition spatiale de l’accessibilité piétonne. Les indicateurs d’accessibilité fournissent les données de base pour l’étape suivante : l’identification des déterminants de l’accessibilité piétonne. Tout d’abord, la méthode de regroupement (clustering) du k-moyennes aboutit à la création de quatre classes, qui représentent quatre types de quartier au regard du niveau d’accessibilité piétonne aux différentes destinations. Ensuite, plusieurs modèles de régression multinomiale logistique sont construits, et permettent de mettre en lumière les facteurs de l’environnement bâti et de l’environnement social qui influencent le niveau d’accessibilité : ces derniers permettent d’évaluer l’impact de chaque variable sur la probabilité qu’un îlot de diffusion appartienne à chaque classe. Les modèles démontrent l’importance d’un environnement bâti dense et diversifié, favorables à l’accessibilité piétonne, et semblent présenter l’éducation comme un facteur fortement lié à l’accessibilité.» ABSTRACT: «ABSTRACT:The environmental impact of the transport sector is well known, and it accounts for a very large proportion of greenhouse gas emissions in Quebec (43.3%), particularly as a result of car use. In response to this alarming situation, the Government of Quebec and the City of Montreal have put in place strategic plans aimed at decarbonising transport, by promoting the use of active modes of transport, and notably walking. This situation calls for a rethink of the nature and function of urban space. The concept of the city of short distances provides a useful theoretical framework for building a sustainable urban space organised around an environmentally friendly transport system, driven by public transport and active modes of transport. The aim of this research project is to characterise the determinants of pedestrian accessibility in the City of Montreal, in the context of the city of short distances, and from a social equity perspective. To do this, various indicators of pedestrian accessibility at the level of dissemination blocks are generated, towards six types of destination: culture, health and social services, education, commercial zones, food stores and sports and recreational activities. The cumulative opportunities method is used, setting a threshold of 15 minutes' walk, beyond which accessibility is considered to be zero. These initial results make it possible to assess the spatial distribution of pedestrian accessibility. These accessibility indicators provide the basic data for the next stage: identifying the determinants of pedestrian accessibility. Firstly, the k-means clustering method is used to create four clusters, representing four types of neighbourhoods in terms of the level of pedestrian accessibility to the different destinations. Next, several multinomial logistic regression models were constructed, highlighting the factors in the built and social environments that influence the level of accessibility: these make it possible to assess the impact of each variable on the probability of a diffusion block belonging to each cluster. The models demonstrate the importance of a dense and diverse built environment, favourable to pedestrian accessibility, and appear to present education as a factor strongly associated with accessibility.»

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Other · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.953
Threshold uncertainty score0.148

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0020.004
Science and technology studies0.0020.001
Scholarly communication0.0030.001
Open science0.0010.002
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0120.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.009
GPT teacher head0.261
Teacher spread0.252 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designNot applicable
Domainnot available
GenreOther

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

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Citations0
Published2023
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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