Black Women’s Mothering Practices in\nthe Canadian Racial State: Reflections on\nMaternal Sufferation in the Afterlife of Slavery
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article foregrounds a Black feminist analysis of a bereaved Caribbean-Canadian mother, Cecile Case Holder, whose 24-year-old son, Andre Burnett, was murdered in Toronto on 10 September 2005. The article reframes her grief through the lens of maternal sufferation to explore a distinctly Jamaican reality in a transnational context. Burnett was one of 52 people who died by gun violence in what became known as “The Year of the Gun.” In an extensive interview with Holder about the life and death of her youngest child, Toronto Star reporter Jim Rankin addresses the forms of structural violence that contributed to the conditions that led to Burnett’s demise. Reading her narrative from a Black feminist perspective, the author explores the politics of Holder’s mothering practices to keep her children safe. Her narrative is located in the scholarship on Black motherhood in the African diaspora, focused on the exigencies of the afterlife of slavery. Cecile Holder’s reality is particular to her circumstances. Yet, her experience as a Black Jamaican mother in the Canadian racial state provides a snapshot of the quotidian navigations that frame women’s parenting practices at the nexus of structural violence and the demands of the global economy unique to African-Caribbean women. Résumé: Le présent article propose une analyse féministe noire d’une mère canadienne d’origine caribéenne, Cecile Case Holder, en deuil de son fils de 24 ans, Andre Burnett, assassiné à Toronto le 10 septembre 2005. Il envisage son chagrin sous l’angle de la souffrance maternelle afin d’étudier une réalité typiquement jamaïcaine dans un contexte transnational. Burnett a été l’une des 52 victimes de violence par arme à feu au cours de ce que l’on a appelé « l’année du revolver ». Dans une longue entrevue avec Mme Holder sur la vie et la mort de son plus jeune enfant, le journaliste du Toronto Star Jim Rankin aborde les formes de violence structurelle qui ont produit les conditions ayant mené à la mort de Burnett. En lisant son récit du point de vue d’une féministe noire, l’auteure étudie les pratiques maternelles de Mme Holder pour assurer la sécurité de ses enfants. Son récit est situé par rapport aux travaux sur la maternité noire dans la diaspora africaine, lesquels sont axés sur les exigences de la vie après l’esclavage. La réalité de Cecile Holder est propre à sa situation. Pourtant, son expérience en tant que mère noire jamaïcaine au Canada, un État racial, donne un aperçu des conditions quotidiennes qui orientent les pratiques parentales des femmes coincées entre la violence structurelle et les exigences de l’économie mondiale propres aux femmes afro-caribéennes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.048 | 0.018 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".