Denied at Every Turn: A Literature Review of the Barriers in the ODSP Application Process
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This report presents findings from a project conducted by the McMaster Research Shop for the Disability Justice Network of Ontario (DJNO). DJNO is a non-profit organization located in Hamilton, Ontario, with a mission to build a just and accessible Ontario where disabled people are empowered. One area of DJNO's advocacy focuses on the Ontario Disability Support Program (ODSP), which provides financial assistance, medical and employment support to disabled people. Initial evidence suggests that disabled communities in Ontario may face various barriers when accessing the ODSP and navigating related tribunal processes, which prompted this investigation. The purpose of this research was to examine potential accessibility challenges in the ODSP application and related tribunal and legislative processes, with particular attention to the experiences of disabled people, and more specifically, Black, Indigenous, and racialized disabled populations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.021 | 0.055 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.018 | 0.035 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.008 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.009 | 0.011 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".