Development and evaluation of a model for turtle embryonic growth
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Developmental models have been constructed for many plant and insect species, but not for reptiles. A developmental growth model can be useful to determine the factors limiting species' distribution or determining sex under naturally fluctuating temperatures. Development rate of embryos in many turtle species is positively correlated with incubation temperature. The growth model proposed in this study suggests that developmental stage, 's', is a function of accumulated heat units, 'u'('t'), and time, 't', since oviposition ('s' = k0 + 'k' u'u'('t') + 'k't' t'). The model built uses developmentally staged snapping turtle (' Chelydra serpentina') embryos collected from 17 females over 7 years in Algonquin Park, Ontario. The growth model explains 87.1% of the variation in developmental stage for all 7 years (n = 129, p < 0.0001). Year accounts for an additional 6.3% of variation in developmental stage. Using the growth model, accumulated heat units were estimated over the critical period for sex determination at constant temperature and suggest that total heat does not determine sex.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".