IMPACT OF FIELD-GROWN GENETICALLY MODIFIED CANOLA ON THE DIVERSITY OF RHIZOSPHERE AND ROOT-INTERIOR MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Transgenic or genetically modified plants possess novel genes that impart beneficial characteristics such as herbicide resistance. Unfortunately there is a paucity of information on the interaction and impact of transgenic plants on the soil microbial community. A 3-year field study was conducted to assess the effects of herbicide-tolerant genetically modified canola on \nmicrobial communities. Four genetically modified and four non -genetically modified canola \nvarieties were grown at six locations across Saskatchewan, Canada. The rhizosphere and root-interior microbial communities were characterized using community level physiological profiles (CLPP), fatty acid methyl ester analysis (FAME) and terminal amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (T-ARDRA). The microbial communities associated with genetically modified canola \nvarieties were significantly different than the microbial communities associated with \nconventional canola varieties. However, this effect was dependent on the transgene. In \nparticular, the glyphosate-tolerant variety Quest supported a unique microbial community \ncompared to the communities supported by the four conventional varieties and three \nglufosinate ammonium-tolerant varieties tested. Analysis of rhizosphere microbial communities associated with canola throughout the field season demonstrated that these communities are \nsubject to (after plants were harvested in the seasonal variation. Importantly, in April preceding \nSeptember) no differences were observed between microbial communities from field plots that \ncontained harvested transgenic canola stubble and field plots that contained no plants during the field season, demonstrating that the effect of transgenic plants on the microbial community was temporary. The composition and functional diversity of microbial communities from \nfallow soil and rhizosphere and root-interior microbial communities associated with canola plants were significantly influenced by field site. Furthermore, field site interacted with plant variety in its influence on the microbial community. The effect of plant variety on the microbial community at one field site was sometimes entirely different in another field site. Therefore, generalizations about the effect of genetically modified plants on all soil microbial communities are not possible. The interaction between microbial communities, transgenic plants and field site, along with the season variability in microbial communities documented in this study \nemphasizes the complexity and need for a multifaceted approach to study the risks of \ntransgenic plants to the diversity of the microbial community.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".