Inuit country food and nutrition in early life in Nunavut
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The ‘nutrition transition’ in Inuit communities has been characterized by a decreased intake of country food and an increased intake of retail food, with shifts in nutrient intake introducing potential health impacts for Inuit communities. Given that prenatal and infant nutrition environments can impact health over the life course, early life nutrition is of particular concern. Country food represents a rich source of nutrition and is high in vitamin D; vitamin D deficiency in early life is a known, yet poorly described challenge in Nunavut. Therefore, this dissertation research characterized nutrition for Inuit women and children in Nunavut, with a focus on the role of country food and on the early life period. A scoping review examined Inuit country food and nutrition in the early life period, and identified research gaps in areas of food security, micronutrient deficiency, and Inuit perspectives. Next, informed by a community-based approach, Inuit and non-Inuit researchers identified nutrition and food security research priorities in Nunavut, privileging country food and Inuit knowledge. Following this, a mixed methods approach was undertaken. Quantitative methods described nutrition and vitamin D supplement experiences in pregnancy and infancy through a retrospective chart review (n=2522) and examined the odds of rickets diagnosis in children engaging univariable and multivariable exact logistic regression. While most pregnant women consumed country food daily or weekly, high food insecurity and low vitamin D supplement use exist, and the odds of rickets diagnosis was lower in children whose mothers were food secure. Qualitative data were gathered through in-depth research conversations (n=16) with Inuit women knowledge holders (n=10). Thematic analyses were guided by an iterative, grounded theory approach. Women described the centrality of country food for food security, identify, culture, mental health, nourishment, healing, and medicine. This dissertation research confirms the critical role of country food for food security, health, and well-being for Inuit women, and describes food and supplement practices influencing vitamin D in pregnancy and infancy. Further, this research highlights that maternal food security is a pressing child health issue, and underscores country food and other opportunities to support good nutrition in the early life period, with impacts for generations to come.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".