Letter, 1789 June 21, Paris, [France], to [Dugald] Stewart, n.p.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Has read a letter by Mrs. Colden about the education of Alexander Colden, her son, and is very pleased with her decisions; suggests that there is no better school for science than the University of Edinburgh; the Universities of England and America rank after Edinburgh in science, but the school in America is more "exact in their morals, and give firmer habits of application" than the schools in England; comments on the importance of learning French, particularly through conversation but suggests that young American men should be sent to Canada to learn French rather than France where their "morals, health and fortune are more irresistably endangered than in any country of the universe"; manners are another important subject of education; learning manners in France is good for one who plans to travel throughout Europe, but it is best for one to learn the manners of one's own country; requests that Stewart tell Mrs. Colden that if she sends her son to France Jefferson will assist him any way he can; sends an issue of The Repository from Mr. Benjamin Vaughan.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.013 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.008 | 0.007 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.130 | 0.034 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".